Archaeology and War in 20th-Century Greece: Approaches to a Complex Phenomenon
Synopsis
This volume examines the relationship between archaeology and war in 20th-century Greece through 15 individual studies spanning the entire century — from the Balkan Wars and the Asia Minor Campaign to the Second World War, the Occupation and the Civil War — and a geographical horizon extending from Epirus and Macedonia to Thrace, Crete, Asia Minor and the Middle East. The shared starting point of the contributions is a shift of perspective: war is no longer seen as a mere backdrop or as a threat to antiquities, but as a material reality with its own remains and its own testimony.
Archaeological collections, numismatic donations and refugee heirlooms, biographies of archaeologists and histories of heritage services and museums, local communities and refugee memories are interwoven with historic battles, occupying armies, trenches, cemeteries, caves and landmarks, bringing out the multiple — scholarly, institutional, ideological and political — entanglements of archaeology and war. The methodological approach is equally multisource, combining archival research, photographic archives and oral history with contemporary tools, from aerial photographs, photogrammetry and geographic information systems to community archaeology and conflict archaeology.
The volume originates in the study day of the Association of Greek Archaeologists "Eos" entitled "Asia Minor: Archaeological Research, Finds and Heirlooms Before and After 1922" (Acropolis Museum, March 2022) and in sessions of the "Archaeological Dialogues" conferences (Mytilene 2016, Ioannina 2017).
Chapters
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Introduction. Archaeology and War in 20th-Century Greece: Approaches to a Complex Phenomenonpp. 17-32
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The Archaeology of the "Northern Lands" of Dimitrios Evangelidis (1913–1914)pp. 33-57
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Archaeological Research in Asia Minor in the Years 1921–1922: A Selection of Documents from the Photographic Archive of the National Archaeological Museum in Athenspp. 59-80
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Following the Steps of Greek Archaeologists on the Trail of Asia Minor Antiquities: Surveys and Salvage Collections by the Department of Antiquities of Smyrna during the Asia Minor Campaign (1919–1922)pp. 81-103
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Nikolaos Laskaris: The Unknown Curator of the Department of Antiquities of Smyrna and the Only Journey of his Lifepp. 105-127
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Archaeologies of Asia Minor, the Case of Pergamon: Research, Readings and Uses of the Monuments in the Early 20th Centurypp. 129-143
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Numismatic Donations, Collections and Related Ensembles that Entered Greek Territory in the Period 1912–1924pp. 145-160
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Refugee Heirlooms: Precious Objects in the Byzantine and Christian Museumpp. 161-173
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"Writing History": N.G.L. Hammond between Academia, the British Ministry of War and Ideologypp. 175-195
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A Section through the Trenches: The Archaeological History of Aegean Thrace in the First Half of the 20th Centurypp. 197-212
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A New Front in the Archaeology of War? Allied Aerial Photographs of the Second World War from Western Macedoniapp. 213-228
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The German Occupation-Period Cemeteries of the Battle of Cretepp. 229-251
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Looting and Destruction of Antiquities at Eleusis during the Occupation (1941–1944)pp. 253-273
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Community Archaeology and Memories of World War II at Paliambela-Kolindroupp. 275-287
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Archaeology and the Study of Civil War: The Case of Spainpp. 289-299
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The Archaeology of the Greek Civil War: The Case of the Caves of Western Macedoniapp. 301-317
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The Protection of Cultural Heritage by International Organisations and Conventions after the Second World Warpp. 319-323
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